U3T5 – Heart Structure and Heart Disease

Heart Structure and Heart Disease

1 / 25

Name the structures labelled A

Atrioventricular Valve

Semi - Lunar Valve

Bicuspid Valve

2 / 25

Name the structures labelled B

Atrioventricular Valve

Semi - Lunar Valve

Bicuspid Valve

3 / 25

When will the valves close?

When the pressure is lower in front of the valve and higher behind it.

When the pressure is higher in front of the valve, and lower behind it.

When the pressure is equal.

4 / 25

One of the phases of the cardiac cycle is called Atrial Systole. During Atrial Systole, what is happening in the heart during this phase?

The atria contract, increasing the pressure, and the Atrioventricular valve is closed.

The atria contract, reducing the pressure, and the Atrioventricular valve is closed.

The atria contract, increasing the pressure, and the Atrioventricular valve is open.

5 / 25

What happens to the heart during Diastole?

Atrial and Ventricular walls are relaxed, the Atrioventricular valve is closed.

Atrial and Ventricular walls are relaxed, and the Atrioventricular valve is open.

Atrial wall is relaxed, but the ventricular wall is contracted. The Atrioventricular valve is open.

6 / 25

What happens during Ventricular Systole?

Atrial wall is relaxed, but the ventricular wall is contracted. The Atrioventricular valve is closed, but the Semi Lunar valve is open.

Atrial wall is relaxed, but the ventricular wall is contracted. The Atrioventricular valve is open, but the Semi Lunar valves are closed.

Atrial and ventricular walls are contracted, and the Atrioventricular valve is closed. The Semi Lunar valves are open.

7 / 25

Cardiac Output ( CO) = Stroke Volume (SV) X Heart Rate ( HR). What is the cardiac output of an athlete with a SV of 95 cm³ , and a HR of 52 bpm?

4.94 dm³ hr^-1

4940 dm³ min^-1

4.94 dm³ min^-1

8 / 25

What is the stroke volume of a patient if their cardiac output is 3500 cm³ min^-1, and their heart rate is 70 bpm?

50 dm³

50 cm³

500 cm³

9 / 25

Which chamber do you think the green line represents?

Aorta

Atrium

Ventricle

10 / 25

Which chamber do you think the blue line represents?

Aorta

Atrium

Ventricle

11 / 25

What has happened at position A?

The Atrioventricular valves open.

The Atrioventricular valves close.

The Semi- Lunar valves open.

12 / 25

What has happened at position B?

The Atrioventricular valves open.

The Semi- Lunar valves close.

The Semi- Lunar valves open.

13 / 25

What has happened at position C?

The Atrioventricular valves open.

The Atrioventricular valves close.

The Semi- Lunar valves open.

14 / 25

What has happened at position D?

The Atrioventricular valves open.

The Atrioventricular valves close.

The Semi- Lunar valves open.

15 / 25

Why are the Atrioventricular valves open at D?

Because the heart is in diastole.

Because the pressure is higher in the ventricle than the atrium.

Because the pressure has become higher in the atria than the ventricle.

16 / 25

What is Cardiovascular Disease?

The same as CHD : when the arteries of the heart become damaged, often associated with a build up of fatty deposits.

When the arteries of the brain become damaged, often associated with a build up of fatty deposits.

When any blood vessels, including those of the heart, brain and lungs become damaged, often associated with a build up of fatty deposits.

17 / 25

What is an Atheroma?

A build up of plaque in the lumen of arterioles and arteries.

A build up of plaque under the endothelial lining of arteries and arterioles.

A blood clot that forms in the lumen when the lining of an artery becomes damaged.

18 / 25

What is a Thrombosis?

A blood clot that forms in the lumen when the lining of an artery becomes damaged.

A blood clot that forms under the endothelium when an artery becomes damaged.

Swelling caused by highblood pressure.

19 / 25

Which of the following IS NOT a way that smoking contributes to the risk of CVD?

Carbon Monoxide and Nicotine both cause an increase in blood pressure, which increases the risk of an Atheroma forming.

Carbon Monoxide reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of haemoglobin, this increases heart rate and reduces oxygen available to the heart tissues.

Tar sticks to the inside of arteries and arteriole lumen, restricting blood flow, increasing the risk of a thrombus forming.

20 / 25

Which of the following is a way a high salt content in your diet increases your risk of developing CVD?

Salt reduces the water potential of the blood, so water moves out of the endothelium cells via osmosis, causing them to shrivel.

Salt reduces the water potential of the blood, causing water to move in from surrounding tissues via osmosis, leading to an increase in blood pressure, and development of an atheroma.

Salt reduces the water potential of your blood, causing the red blood cells to crenate and form blood clots.

21 / 25

Does this bar cart show a correlation between number of cigarettes smoked, and the risk of CVD?

Yes

No

22 / 25

This bar chart shows the risk of CVD with differing amounts of cigarettes smoked per day. Is there a significant difference in risk between smoking no cigarettes, and smoking 1 - 19 cigarettes a day?

Yes

No

23 / 25

Is there a significant difference between risk of CVD smoking -19 cigarettes a day and more than 20 cigarettes a day?

Yes

No

24 / 25

Does this chart show a causal relationship between Risk of CVD and smoking?

Yes

No

25 / 25

Why can we not state using this data, CVD is caused by smoking?

Because P only = 0.006 for the linear trend.

Because the 95% Confidence Intervals overlap for two of the results.

Because CVD may have been caused by other things such as diet, exercise , age etc.

Thank you for taking the quiz. Please fill in the fields below and you will receive your results in an email.

If you have been set this as homework, you should forward this email to your teacher as evidence you have completed the quiz.

If you don't receive your email please check your spam or junk folder.

Your score is

0%

Recent Posts

Categories