Biology Year 13 Random Retrieval

Which enzyme can join two complementary sticky ends together during genetic modification?

What effect will having a high methylation of a promoter sequence , have on expression of that gene?

What are the proteins called that also need to bind to activate RNA polymerase?

Which of the following describes the structure of DNA?

Fill in the missing word : Causes of Mutations A mutation is any change to the order of __12___ in the genetic code. These occur naturally as the enzyme _____13_____ replicates the DNA and makes mistakes. The incidence can also be produced due to exposure to certain agents called mutagenic agents.

These can be chemicals such as nitrous acid, which converts cytosine to uracil. Nitrous acid would therefore cause a __14___ mutation. Ethidium Bromide is used to stain DNA during gel electrophoresis. It can insert between bases, acting in a similar way to an addition mutation and therefore causing a __15___ along the rest of the gene.

UV radiation is also a mutagenic agent. It can cause bonds to form between pyrimidine bases ( thymine and cytosine). This bonding causes polymerases to misread or stop working all together at that point.

What word describes when a mutation causes all the following triplet codes to be misread in a different frame?

What type of speciation is caused by reproductive Isolation, but without a physical barrier between two populations?

What type of variation is show in the graph?

Which type of selection is when the number of individuals with a particular characteristic, increase around an extreme or outlier value?

In peppered moths, having light coloured wings is dominant. In Sheffield (an industrial northern town in the UK) a sample of moths was taken. The numbers collected were 73 light coloured , and 326 dark coloured. What is the allele frequency ( as a decimal) of the light allele in the population?

Which protein found in a myofilament has multiple globular heads? (Type your answer carefully).

In order for an action potential to be generated in a Pacinian corpuscle, what must happen?

Why is the speed of conduction faster on myelinated neurones?

Many peripheral neurones (including motor neurones)have cells wrapped around the axon.

What are these cells called? ( type your answer- watch your spelling).

Name protein A in the above diagram.

The diagram represents anaerobic respiration, name substance 'Y'.

How many molecules of ATP are generated by oxidative phosphorylation in the ETC from one molecule of glucose?

What should go in box 'X'?

What is the final electron acceptor of the ETC?

Where does the Krebs Cycle occur?