Biology Random Retrieval Y12

Biology Year 12 Random Retrieval

This quiz contains all the questions in the year 12 biology section. The website will pick 20 questions at random.

1 / 20

A mutation in a population of bed bugs in New York City caused the bedbugs to have a thicker, waxier exoskeleton. Why will the allele for thicker , waxier exoskeleton in bed bugs increase in the population?

The thicker exoskeleton makes it easier to lay eggs. More eggs are laid, so more bed bugs with thicker exoskeleton.

The thicker exoskeleton means that the insecticide used to kill them is no longer effective. The thicker exoskeletal bed bugs are more likely to reproduce and pass on the new allele.

The waxy exoskeleton is waterproof, so they are less likely to drown.

2 / 20

In an homologous pair of chromosomes, would alleles be...

Always homozygous ( two copies of the same form).

Always the same allele, but at different Loci.

Always heterozygous ( two copies but with different alleles).

Always at the same locus, but could be different alleles.

3 / 20

What is an 'homologous chromosome'?

The same chromosome ( same number e.g. 21) but possibly with different alleles

An identical copy of a chromosome, with identical alleles.

When two alleles are the same, on a pair of chromosomes.

Any two chromosomes.

4 / 20

Which of the following is an example of a 'source' ?

A photosynthesising leaf.

A Respiring meristem.

A storage tuber in the root.

5 / 20

What piece of equipment is used to measure transpiration ?

Transpirometer

Potometer

Respirometer

6 / 20

How does an increase in wind speed, increase the rate of transpiration?

Increases or maintains the water potential gradient between the air inside the leaf, and the air outside.

Increase in wind is detected by small hairs on the leaves, which open the stomata.

Decreases the water potential gradient between the air inside the leaf, and the air outside.

7 / 20

What happens to the heart during Diastole?

Atrial and Ventricular walls are relaxed, the Atrioventricular valve is closed.

Atrial and Ventricular walls are relaxed, and the Atrioventricular valve is open.

Atrial wall is relaxed, but the ventricular wall is contracted. The Atrioventricular valve is open.

8 / 20

Name the structures labelled A

Atrioventricular Valve

Semi - Lunar Valve

Bicuspid Valve

9 / 20

Why do some xerophytes have hairs over the stomatal pits?

To protect the delicate guard cells.

To prevent wind moving away air with a high water concentration, thus reducing the water concentration gradient.

To stop insects getting in and stealing the water.

10 / 20

Which letter is the tracheae?

11 / 20

What effect does emphysema have on the alveoli?

Increased surface area.

Increased mucus secretion.

Reduced surface area.

Constricted bronchi and bronchioles.

12 / 20

True or False - Each B cell has an antibody with a different shaped variable region on its membrane.

TRUE

FALSE

13 / 20

Does a concentration gradient need to be established before facilitated diffusion can take place?

Yes

14 / 20

Name molecule I.

Ethanol

Glycerol

Cholesterol

15 / 20

Which part is hydrophilic?

16 / 20

To look at a sample under a microscope, you need to prepare a temporary mount. Why does the specimen have to be thin?

To fit under the objective lens.

To increase magnification

To let light through

17 / 20

What is the function of this organelle?

Production of ATP

Production of energy

Production of dNTP

18 / 20

Which letter represents the active site in this diagram?

19 / 20

On the above diagram, what does structure '2' represent?

A fatty acid chain

A glycerol molecule

A phosphate 'head'

20 / 20

What is the standard structure of a phospholipid?

One glycerol, one phosphate , and two fatty acids.

One glycerol , two phosphates and one fatty acid.

One glycerol and three phosphates

Your score is

Biology Molecules Random Retrieval

This quiz contains all the questions in the Biology Molecules section. The website will pick 20 questions at random.

1 / 20

An ion with a negative charge is called an anion. Which of the following is NOT an anion?

chloride

calcium

phosphate

2 / 20

Water has a high specific heat capacity, why is this useful to organisms?

It takes a lot of energy to make a little change in temperature, so body temperature is more stable.

It takes a little amount of energy to make a large change in temperature, so body temperature can adapt.

So only a little energy is used to heat up the aqueous cells.

3 / 20

Which two letters represent 5' ends of the DNA strand?

D & G

D & F

E & G

4 / 20

What is the difference in the pentose sugar in DNA, compared to RNA?

RNA has two oxygens missing

RNA has an oxygen missing

DNA has an oxygen missing

5 / 20

On the above diagram, name the group labelled C.

Organic Base

Pentose Sugar

Phosphate

6 / 20

On the above graph, lines A and B represent the same enzyme, in identical conditions; the only difference is the temperature.

What would happen to the red line after this point ?

It would eventually plateau below the black line

It would eventually plateau on the black line.

It would not plateau, but continue straight.

7 / 20

Which letter on the above graph shows when the most enzyme-substrate complexes will be formed?

8 / 20

Looking at the shape of the substrate, which molecule could it be?

Amylose

Alpha Glucose

Sucrose

9 / 20

Which letter represents the active site in this diagram?

10 / 20

What substance are enzymes made out of?

Amino Acids

Fatty Acids

Polysaccharides

11 / 20

True or False : Endothermic enzyme controlled reactions do not require activation energy?

TRUE

FALSE

12 / 20

What is the name of this molecule?

Poly-peptide

Di-pepide

Bi-peptide

13 / 20

Which biochemical test is used to identify lipids?

Benedict's Test

The Emulsion Test

Iodine Test

14 / 20

Which of the following terms best describes the phosphate part of a phospholipid?

Hydrophobic

Hydrophillic

Lipophobic

15 / 20

What type of bond joins a fatty acid to a glycerol molecule?

Peptide bond

Liptide bond

Ester Bond

16 / 20

What feature does this polysaccharide have, that makes it straight?

Alternate monomers are inverted

Glycosidic bonds lie in opposite planes

Hydrogen bonds between polymers

17 / 20

Name the polymer in the picture

Amylose

Amylopectin

Cellulose

18 / 20

Name the polymer in the picture.

Amylose

Amylopectin

Cellulose

19 / 20

Are molecules A,B and C isomers of each other?

Yes

20 / 20

Which elements are found in carbohydrates?

Carbon and Hydrogen

Carbon, Hydrogen and Nirtogen

Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen

Your score is

Cells Random Retrieval

This quiz contains all the questions in the Cells section. The website will pick 20 questions at random.

1 / 20

True or False - Each B cell has an antibody with a different shaped variable region on its membrane.

TRUE

FALSE

2 / 20

In the above experiment, why would the student be advised to take repeat readings?

It makes the results more valid.

It allows anomalies to be identified.

It shows the experiment is reproducible.

3 / 20

Look at the above graph, what is the concentration of sodium chloride inside the potato cells?

0.4 mol dm ^-3

0.35 mol dm ^-3

15 mol dm ^-3

4 / 20

Is a higher water potential...

More free water molecules than another solution.

Fewer free water molecules than another solution.

5 / 20

In the above experiment, two flasks contained identical masses of animal tissue, identical volume of a solution containing sodium ions, but an inhibitor of ATP production in flask F. Scientists concluded that flask G took up sodium ions by active transport. What is the evidence of this?

a) Uptake in flask G much greater than in flask F , showing use of ATP in flask G

b) Sodium ion concentration in flask G falls to zero, showing uptake against a concentration gradient

a & b

6 / 20

Why can't glucose diffuse directly through the phospholipids?

Because it is too large

Because it is polar

Because it is large and polar

7 / 20

Why can more pigment leak out across the plasma membrane at a higher temperature (80⁰C) ?

Because membrane proteins are denatured .

Because the phospolipid bilayer has more kinetic energy, so it is more fluid. As the phospholipids move faster, gaps can start to appear.

Both of the above

8 / 20

What type of molecules are most likely to pass through C?

Charged or Polar molecules

Small, Non-Polar molecules

Pathogenic Antigens

9 / 20

Which molecules are found in A?

Saturated Fatty Acids

Unsaturated Fatty Acids

Both Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids

10 / 20

Which molecule makes up part D?

Protein

Carbohydrate

Fat

11 / 20

In a garlic root tip squash, a student observed 124 cells, of which 19 has visible chromosomes. What was the mitotic index for that tissue?

0.18

12 / 20

Which phase of mitosis is when the chromosomes condense?

Metaphase

Prophase

Anaphase

13 / 20

What term is given to describe G1 phase, S phase and G2 phase combined? ( Spell it correctly)

14 / 20

Which organelle will be found in supernatant C?

Mitochondria

Ribosomes

Nucleus

15 / 20

Which of the following are NOT visible with a light microscope?

a) Plant Permanent Vacuole
b) Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
c) Golgi Body

A & B

B & C

A, B & C

16 / 20

The Christae of the mitochondrion shown in this picture are 2m x 10^-8wide (A). How many 'nm' is this ?

200nm

20nm

2nm

17 / 20

The image shows palisade cells in a leaf. Line B (length) in the image measures 3.5 cm, and the actual cell measures 7μm. What is the magnification of this image of the palisade cell?

x2000

x5000

x500

18 / 20

Are structures 'E' found on rough endoplasmic reticulum in prokaryotes?

Yes

19 / 20

What substance is layer A made out of?

Cellulose

Other' Polysaccharides

Glycoprotein

20 / 20

This is found inside most eukaryotic cells, what is B?

Chromatin

Cytoplasm

Stroma

Your score is

Exchanges of Substances with the Environment Random Retrieval

This quiz contains all the questions in the Exchanges of Substances with the Environment section. The website will pick 20 questions at random.

1 / 20

What is translocation the movement of?

Water, with mineral ions.

Pure sucrose.

Organic substances dissolved in water.

2 / 20

Which of the following would decrease the rate of transpiration?

High Humidity

High Light Intensity

High Temperature

3 / 20

Through which part does the water evaporate out of the leaf?

Guard Cells

Stomata

Lower Epidermis Cells

4 / 20

Xylem or Phloem ? - No end plates on these cells

Xylem

Phloem

5 / 20

What has happened at position C?

The Atrioventricular valves open.

The Atrioventricular valves close.

The Semi- Lunar valves open.

6 / 20

Which chamber do you think the blue line represents?

Aorta

Atrium

Ventricle

7 / 20

Does this chart show a causal relationship between Risk of CVD and smoking?

Yes

8 / 20

Is there a significant difference between risk of CVD smoking -19 cigarettes a day and more than 20 cigarettes a day?

Yes

9 / 20

Does this bar cart show a correlation between number of cigarettes smoked, and the risk of CVD?

Yes

10 / 20

Once blood leaves arteries, which type of blood vessel will it enter?

Veins

Arterioles

Capillaries

11 / 20

As blood moves away from the heart, it travels in which type of blood vessel?

Artery

Vein

Aterioles

12 / 20

What do we call the arteries which supply the kidneys?

Hepatic Arteries

Carotid Arteries

Renal Arteries

13 / 20

Which term describes that guard cells when the plant has plenty of water available?

Turgid

Flaccid

Plasmolysed

14 / 20

Which number represents a stoma?

15 / 20

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by bacteria infecting the lungs, where amongst other effects it reduces tidal volume. What happens to the ventilation rate of sufferers?

Increases

Decreases

Stays the same

16 / 20

Which of the following is the correct sequence for inhalation?

Internal Intercostal Muscles and Diaphragm contract. Thoracic volume increases. Pressure in the lungs decrease

External Intercostal Muscles and Diaphragm contract. Thoracic volume decreases. Pressure in the lungs decreases.

External Intercostal Muscles and Diaphragm contract. Thoracic volume increases. Pressure in the lugs increases.

External Intercostal Muscles and Diaphragm contract. Thoracic volume increases. Pressure in the lungs decreases.

17 / 20

Which term best describes breathing?

Ventilation

Respiration

Inhalation

Exhalation

18 / 20

Which two letters would be held open by C shaped cartilage rings?

B & C

C & D

D & E

E & F

19 / 20

How have multicellular organisms adapted to not being able to absorb everything via diffusion over their surface?

A Transport System

Exchange Systems

Transport and Exchange Systems

Moving to maintain a concentration gradient.

20 / 20

What is the surface area to volume ratio of a spongy mesophyll cell with the surface area of 24,000 µm ², and a volume of 110,000µm ³?

13.3 : 1

1 : 0.22

0.22 : 1

4.58 : 1

Your score is

Genetic Variation & Information Random Retrieval

This quiz contains all the questions in the Genetic Variation & Information section. The website will pick 20 questions at random.

1 / 20

Babiana Ringens is a South African plant, which flowers on the ground. They are pollinated by birds, so to attract them they have evolved a sturdy stalk with no leaves or flowers which acts as a bird perch.

Physiological

Anatomical

Behavioural

2 / 20

Why do most mutations cause a decrease in reproductive success?

Because a mutation often causes a non-functional protein in the affected organism, leading to a loss of function in certain tissues or organs.

Because the mutation will reduce the production of gametes.

Because the mutation means only infertile offspring are produced.

3 / 20

How do new alleles occur in a population?

Crossing Over

Independent Assortment

Mutation

4 / 20

Tristan De Cunha is an island populated by a small number of Britons in the early 1800's. What is this an example of ?

Speciation

Genetic Bottleneck.

Founder Effect

5 / 20

True or false - The Founder Effect is a type of genetic bottle neck?

TRUE

FALSE

6 / 20

In Biology, what does genetic diversity represent in a population?

The number of different versions of alleles within a species.

The number of different breeds with-in a species.

The number of different species.

7 / 20

What type of mutation is this ? ACCTGG becomes ACTGG

Addition

Substitution

Deletion

8 / 20

What type of mutation is this ? ACCTGG becomes ACCTTGG

Addition

Substitution

Deletion

9 / 20

A sheep cheek cell which is not dividing has 54 chromosomes, how many chromatids will be present during Meiotic Prophase 1 in the testes?

108

10 / 20

How does metaphase 1, differ from metaphase 2 in meiosis?

The centrioles do not produce a spindle.

The homologous chromosomes are lined up in pairs, not single chromosomes.

The nuclear membrane does not breakdown,

11 / 20

On this diagram, what does C represent?

Loci

Homologous Chromosomes

Centromeres

12 / 20

Where does modification of pre-mRNA occur?

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Ribosome

13 / 20

Which enzyme is used in transcription?

RNA Polymerase

DNA Polymerase

Helicase

14 / 20

What does RNA stand for?

Ribulose Nucleic Acid

Ribo Nucleic Acid

Rhino Nucleic Acid

15 / 20

True or False : The sex chromosomes ( X and Y) are not an homologous pair?

TRUE

FALSE

16 / 20

In an homologous pair of chromosomes...

Both chromosomes are from the mother.

Both chromosomes are from the father.

One of the pair came from the mother, and the other came from the father.

he chromosomes are clones of each other.

17 / 20

What is a 'sister chromatid' or 'sister chromosome'?

The same chromosome ( same number e.g. 21) but possibly with different alleles. Can be linear, or X shaped.

An identical copy of a chromosome, with identical alleles. Joined by the centromere to form a X shape.

A pair of linear, single chromosomes.

Two X sex- chromosomes (XX) .

18 / 20

What is an 'homologous chromosome'?

The same chromosome ( same number e.g. 21) but possibly with different alleles

An identical copy of a chromosome, with identical alleles.

When two alleles are the same, on a pair of chromosomes.

Any two chromosomes.

19 / 20

How many chromosomes do most human cells contain?

20 / 20

True or False : The sex chromosomes ( X and Y) are an homologous pair?

TRUE

FALSE

Your score is

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