Exchanges of Substances with the Environment Random Retrieval

This quiz contains all the questions in the Exchanges of Substances with the Environment section. The website will pick 20 questions at random.

1 / 20

In the mass flow hypothesis, the water potential is reduced in the phloem near the sources. What will happen to water movement?

Water will move into the source cells via osmosis, from the phloem. Reducing the pressure in the phloem.

The same amount of water will move in as move out as it is now isotonic.

Water will move into the phloem via osmosis, increasing the pressure.

2 / 20

What term is used to describe the 'sticking' together of water molecules?

Cohesion

Tension

Mass Flow

3 / 20

Why are the Atrioventricular valves open at D?

Because the heart is in diastole.

Because the pressure is higher in the ventricle than the atrium.

Because the pressure has become higher in the atria than the ventricle.

4 / 20

Which of the following is a way a high salt content in your diet increases your risk of developing CVD?

Salt reduces the water potential of the blood, so water moves out of the endothelium cells via osmosis, causing them to shrivel.

Salt reduces the water potential of the blood, causing water to move in from surrounding tissues via osmosis, leading to an increase in blood pressure, and development of an atheroma.

Salt reduces the water potential of your blood, causing the red blood cells to crenate and form blood clots.

5 / 20

What has happened at position A?

The Atrioventricular valves open.

The Atrioventricular valves close.

The Semi- Lunar valves open.

6 / 20

What happens during Ventricular Systole?

Atrial wall is relaxed, but the ventricular wall is contracted. The Atrioventricular valve is closed, but the Semi Lunar valve is open.

Atrial wall is relaxed, but the ventricular wall is contracted. The Atrioventricular valve is open, but the Semi Lunar valves are closed.

Atrial and ventricular walls are contracted, and the Atrioventricular valve is closed. The Semi Lunar valves are open.

7 / 20

What happens to the heart during Diastole?

Atrial and Ventricular walls are relaxed, the Atrioventricular valve is closed.

Atrial and Ventricular walls are relaxed, and the Atrioventricular valve is open.

Atrial wall is relaxed, but the ventricular wall is contracted. The Atrioventricular valve is open.

8 / 20

One of the phases of the cardiac cycle is called Atrial Systole. During Atrial Systole, what is happening in the heart during this phase?

The atria contract, increasing the pressure, and the Atrioventricular valve is closed.

The atria contract, reducing the pressure, and the Atrioventricular valve is closed.

The atria contract, increasing the pressure, and the Atrioventricular valve is open.

9 / 20

Does this chart show a causal relationship between Risk of CVD and smoking?

Yes

No

10 / 20

Does this bar cart show a correlation between number of cigarettes smoked, and the risk of CVD?

Yes

No

11 / 20

In which direction ( if any), would a curve be for humming bird haemoglobin?

C

D

Same as human adult

12 / 20

Why is haemoglobin described as being 'Quaternary'?

Because it contains 4 polypeptide chains.

Because it contains 4 haem groups.

Because it contains more than 1 polypeptide chain.

13 / 20

Oxygen diffuses out of the tracheoles directly into what?

Respiring body cells.

The insect's open circulatory system.

Air Sacs.

14 / 20

Many species of fish have developed a technique to allow a constant flow of oxygenated water over the gills, even when stationary. This is called Buccal Pumping, how does it work?

The tongue lowers, increasing the volume in the mouth so water moves in. The mouth closes, the tongue then moves up, increasing the pressure and forcing the water out over the gill plates.

The tongue lowers, increasing the volume in the mouth so water moves in. The mouth closes, the fish then swallows the water.

The tongue moves down, increasing the volume in the mouth so water moves in through the opercula ( vents) , over the gill plates , and out through the mouth.

15 / 20

What effect does emphysema have on the alveoli?

Increased surface area.

Increased mucus secretion.

Reduced surface area.

Constricted bronchi and bronchioles.

16 / 20

Emphysema is caused by what?

Too much exercise

Cancer

CVD

Smoking or long term air- pollution

17 / 20

What is the correct term for the cells which make up the alveolar wall?

Ciliated Epithelium

Capillary Epithelium

Alveolar Endothelium

Alveolar Epithelium

18 / 20

Which letter represents the trachea?

B

C

D

E

19 / 20

Cresol red is an indicator which goes clear at a low pH. A plate of agar jelly with cresol red added was made, and two blocks were cut out. Block A measured 10mm x 10mm x 10mm. Block B measured 20mm x 7mm x 7mm. You have chosen one which will decolourise the quickest, why did you choose that block?

Because it had the smallest surface area to voume ratio.

Because it had the largest surface area to volume ratio.

Because it had the largest Volume to surface area ratio.

I guessed !

20 / 20

What is the volume of the same roughly spherical spongy mesophyll cell with a diameter of 80 µm, using the formula Volume=4/3 pi r ³?

2,144,661 µm³

2,144,660µm³

268,082 µm³

268,083 µm³

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