Biology Random Retrieval Y12

Biology Year 12 Random Retrieval

This quiz contains all the questions in the year 12 biology section. The website will pick 20 questions at random.

1 / 20

What technique is required when culturing bacteria?

Septic Technique

Aseptic Technique

Antibiotic Technique

2 / 20

After a genetic bottleneck, what is true about the alleles of the survivors?

There is the same number of different of alleles.

There are fewer alleles in the surviving population.

There are more alleles in the surviving population

3 / 20

Which of the following is the result of a chromosome mutation?

Cystic Fibrosis

Down's Syndrome

Huntington's

4 / 20

The Great White Shark and Black-tipped Reef Shark are two species which must keep swimming to stay alive. Why is this?

To be able to hunt for prey 24 hours a day.

To stop them sinking.

To maintain a flow of oxygenated water over their gills.

5 / 20

Which muscles contract during forced expiration?

External Intercostal Muscles

Internal Intercostal Muscles

Diaphragm

None

6 / 20

Cresol red is an indicator which goes clear at a low pH. A plate of agar jelly with cresol red added was made, and two blocks were cut out. Block A measured 10mm x 10mm x 10mm. Block B measured 20mm x 7mm x 7mm. Are the two agar blocks a similar surface area (within 5% difference)?

Yes

7 / 20

Cresol red is an indicator which goes clear at a low pH. A plate of agar jelly with cresol red added was made, and two blocks were cut out. Block A measured 10mm x 10mm x 10mm. Block B measured 20mm x 7mm x 7mm. You have chosen one which will decolourise the quickest, why did you choose that block?

Because it had the smallest surface area to voume ratio.

Because it had the largest surface area to volume ratio.

Because it had the largest Volume to surface area ratio.

I guessed !

8 / 20

What is the primary function of a vaccination?

To reduce a fever.

To increase antibody concentration.

To create memory cells.

9 / 20

Which type of cell travels to the site of infection, and secretes a chemical which kills infected cells?

B Lymphocytes

Cytotoxic T Cells

Mast Cells

10 / 20

Which type of cell can engulf a pathogen?

Lymphocyte

Phagocyte

Basophil

11 / 20

Which molecule makes up part D?

Protein

Carbohydrate

Fat

12 / 20

Which organelle will be found in pellet B?

Mitochondria

Ribosomes

13 / 20

Are structures 'E' found on rough endoplasmic reticulum in prokaryotes?

Yes

14 / 20

True or False : Prokaryotic ribosomes are the same as eukaryotic ribosomes

TRUE

FALSE

15 / 20

Name structure B

Grana

Lamella

Stroma

16 / 20

What ISN'T organelle A?

Golgi Body

Lysosome

Golgi vesicle

17 / 20

Name the enzyme involved in the breakdown of ATP

ATP Synthase

ATP Phosphorylase

ATP Hydrolase

18 / 20

What substance are enzymes made out of?

Amino Acids

Fatty Acids

Polysaccharides

19 / 20

Other than peptide bonds, a folded protein also contains:

i) Hydrogen Bonds
ii) Ionic Bonds
iii) Di-Sulphide Bridges.

Which type of bond forms between two cysteine R groups?

ii)

iii)

20 / 20

What do we mean by the 'Primary Structure' of a protein?

The number of amino acids in a single chain

The order of amino acids in a chains

3D shape of the chain

Your score is

Biology Molecules Random Retrieval

This quiz contains all the questions in the Biology Molecules section. The website will pick 20 questions at random.

1 / 20

By which method does DNA replicate?

Conservative

Semi-Conservative

Dispersive

2 / 20

In the diagram, what name is given to strand A?

Template Strand

Leading Strand

Lagging Stand

3 / 20

Which direction does the enzyme move along the template strand A?

3' to 5'

5' to 3'

4 / 20

Which molecules bind to the exposed bases when DNA becomes single stranded?

Free nucleosomes

Free Amino Acids

Free nucleotides

5 / 20

Which of the following is not true of RNA?

It contains the organic bases A, T, C & G.

It is shorter than DNA.

It is much shorter than most DN strands.

6 / 20

Which of the following is not true of RNA?

It is single stranded.

It contains deoxyribose.

It contains Uracil instead of 'T'.

7 / 20

What base does the 'C' stand for?

Cytosine

Cysteine

Cytosteine

8 / 20

On the above diagram, name the group labelled A

Organic Base

Pentose Sugar

Phosphate

9 / 20

In this reaction, what percentage difference in energy needed for an enzyme catalysed reaction, compared to an uncatalysed one?

16.6

16.7

83.3%

10 / 20

What do we mean by the 'Primary Structure' of a protein?

The number of amino acids in a single chain

The order of amino acids in a chains

3D shape of the chain

11 / 20

Which of the following shows the correct structure of a peptide bond?

12 / 20

How many naturally occurring amino acids are there in all living things?

13 / 20

Which of the following terms best describes the phosphate part of a phospholipid?

Hydrophobic

Hydrophillic

Lipophobic

14 / 20

What is the standard structure of a phospholipid?

One glycerol, one phosphate , and two fatty acids.

One glycerol , two phosphates and one fatty acid.

One glycerol and three phosphates

15 / 20

Which of the above three molecules shows a correct bond between glycerol and a fatty acid?

16 / 20

Which of the following is not true about triglycerides?

Insoluble in water.

Insoluble in lipids.

Soluble in lipids.

17 / 20

What elements are lipids made out of?

Carbon and Hydrogen

Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen

Carbon, Hydrogen , Oxygen and Nitrogen.

18 / 20

Name the polymer in the picture.

Amylose

Amylopectin

Cellulose

19 / 20

Are molecules A,B and C isomers of each other?

Yes

20 / 20

Which molecule is Beta - Glucose?

Your score is

Cells Random Retrieval

This quiz contains all the questions in the Cells section. The website will pick 20 questions at random.

1 / 20

True or False - Each B cell has an antibody with a different shaped variable region on its membrane.

TRUE

FALSE

2 / 20

Which type of cell activates other immune cells in an immune response?

T Helper Cells

B Lymphocytes

Macrophage

3 / 20

Which type of cell can engulf a pathogen?

Lymphocyte

Phagocyte

Basophil

4 / 20

In the above experiment, two flasks contained identical masses of animal tissue, identical volume of a solution containing sodium ions, but an inhibitor of ATP production in flask F. Why did flask F plateau?

Equilibrium was reached

Active transport reached a maximum rate and all proteins are occupied.

The protein channels were inhibited.

5 / 20

Why can more pigment leak out across the plasma membrane at a higher temperature (80⁰C) ?

Because membrane proteins are denatured .

Because the phospolipid bilayer has more kinetic energy, so it is more fluid. As the phospholipids move faster, gaps can start to appear.

Both of the above

6 / 20

What type of molecules are most likely to pass through C?

Charged or Polar molecules

Small, Non-Polar molecules

Pathogenic Antigens

7 / 20

Name the part of molecule J, which makes up part B.

Fatty Acid Head

Glycerol Head

Phosphate Head

8 / 20

How long is one complete cell cycle on this graph?

12 hours

6 hours

24 hours

9 / 20

Which type of electron microscope produced this image?

TEM

SEM

10 / 20

Which of the following organelles are visible with a light microscope?

a) Nucleus
b) Lysosomes
c) Chloroplasts

A & B

A & C

A, B & C

11 / 20

How big is the biggest gap between the christae ( B)? Assuming that the image shows B to be 7mm, and the scale bar to be 2cm?

0.29 μm

29 nm

0.035μm

12 / 20

The image shows palisade cells in a leaf. Line B (length) in the image measures 3.5 cm, and the actual cell measures 7μm. What is the magnification of this image of the palisade cell?

x2000

x5000

x500

13 / 20

Which of the following is equivalent to 1m x 10^-6 ?

1μm

0.1μm

10μm

14 / 20

Which layer controls movement in and out of the cell?

15 / 20

Which of these structures is completely absent in eukaryotic cells?

16 / 20

What substance is layer A made out of?

Cellulose

Other' Polysaccharides

Glycoprotein

17 / 20

Name structure A

Capsule

Cell Wall

Cell Membrane

18 / 20

Name structure B

Grana

Lamella

Stroma

19 / 20

What are the inner membrane folds called in this organelle?

Grana

Thylakoid

Christae

20 / 20

What is the function of this organelle?

Processing and packaging Lipids

Synthesising and processing lipids

Folding and processing proteins

Your score is

Exchanges of Substances with the Environment Random Retrieval

This quiz contains all the questions in the Exchanges of Substances with the Environment section. The website will pick 20 questions at random.

1 / 20

Which of the following is evidence against the mass flow hypothesis?

Removal of xylem on a tree trunk ( ringing) causes a bulge above it, which has more sucrose.

Sieve plates cause a barrier to the pressure gradient in mass flow and would slow the flow.

Radioactive CO2 shows movement from leaf to the roots.

2 / 20

In the mass flow hypothesis, the water potential is reduced in the phloem near the sources. What will happen to water movement?

Water will move into the source cells via osmosis, from the phloem. Reducing the pressure in the phloem.

The same amount of water will move in as move out as it is now isotonic.

Water will move into the phloem via osmosis, increasing the pressure.

3 / 20

Which of the following is an example of a 'source' ?

A photosynthesising leaf.

A Respiring meristem.

A storage tuber in the root.

4 / 20

Xylem or Phloem ? - No end plates on these cells

Xylem

Phloem

5 / 20

What is an Atheroma?

A build up of plaque in the lumen of arterioles and arteries.

A build up of plaque under the endothelial lining of arteries and arterioles.

A blood clot that forms in the lumen when the lining of an artery becomes damaged.

6 / 20

What is the stroke volume of a patient if their cardiac output is 3500 cm³ min^-1, and their heart rate is 70 bpm?

50 dm³

50 cm³

500 cm³

7 / 20

In which direction ( if any) , would the curve be for human foetal haemoglobin?

Same as human adult

8 / 20

On the graph, which letter shows where it is hardest for oxygen to associate?

9 / 20

What term describes the haem groups which contain iron?

Co-factor

Prosthetic Group

Active Site

10 / 20

Which term describes that guard cells when the plant has plenty of water available?

Turgid

Flaccid

Plasmolysed

11 / 20

Which letter is the spiracles?

12 / 20

Many species of fish have developed a technique to allow a constant flow of oxygenated water over the gills, even when stationary. This is called Buccal Pumping, how does it work?

The tongue lowers, increasing the volume in the mouth so water moves in. The mouth closes, the tongue then moves up, increasing the pressure and forcing the water out over the gill plates.

The tongue lowers, increasing the volume in the mouth so water moves in. The mouth closes, the fish then swallows the water.

The tongue moves down, increasing the volume in the mouth so water moves in through the opercula ( vents) , over the gill plates , and out through the mouth.

13 / 20

The Great White Shark and Black-tipped Reef Shark are two species which must keep swimming to stay alive. Why is this?

To be able to hunt for prey 24 hours a day.

To stop them sinking.

To maintain a flow of oxygenated water over their gills.

14 / 20

Why might the FEV be lower for person B?

Person B is at rest.

Person A is exercising.

Person B has Asthma.

Person B has Lactose Intolerance.

15 / 20

What is the correct term for the cells which make up the alveolar wall?

Ciliated Epithelium

Capillary Epithelium

Alveolar Endothelium

Alveolar Epithelium

16 / 20

What shape is the diaphragm when it is contracted?

Domed Up

Domed Down

Zigzag

Flat

17 / 20

Which letter represents the diaphragm?

18 / 20

Some animals are adapted to a lower environmental temperature. Which of the following is an example of this?

Larger size, means more cells, so a larger volume.

Larger size means an increase in surface area to volume ratio.

Smaller ears means an increase in surface area to volume ratio.

Fat animals are cute

19 / 20

Some animals are adapted to higher temperatures in their environment. Which of the following is an example of this ?

Large ears decrease surface area to volume ratio.

Large ears increase surface area to volume ratio.

Large ears can fan the body, carrying away hot air.

Large ears look cute.

20 / 20

A Palisade cell is rectangular, and measures 100 µm by 40 µm. What is its surface area?

4,000 µm²

160,000 µm ²

19,200µm²

5,600 µ²

Your score is

Genetic Variation & Information Random Retrieval

This quiz contains all the questions in the Genetic Variation & Information section. The website will pick 20 questions at random.

1 / 20

What type of selection is shown on this graph?

Directional

Stabilising

Convergent

2 / 20

Stray dogs in the Moscow Subway have learnt to beg for food, and are able to identify humans most likely to feed them. What type of adaptation is this ?

Physiological

Anatomical

Behavioural

3 / 20

Why do most mutations cause a decrease in reproductive success?

Because a mutation often causes a non-functional protein in the affected organism, leading to a loss of function in certain tissues or organs.

Because the mutation will reduce the production of gametes.

Because the mutation means only infertile offspring are produced.

4 / 20

Why do the modern day population of Tristan De Cunha has a much higher than average incidence of the genetic disorder Retinitis Pigmentosa?

Retinitis Pigmentosa has less effect on eye sight in the bright sunshine.

Everyone without Retinitis Pigmentosa left the island.

One of the original population carried the allele, and all descendants are therefore more likely to carry the rare allele.

5 / 20

Two of the above mutations will always cause a non functional protein. Why?

They add or remove an amino acid.

They alter both strands of the double helix.

They cause a frame-shift in the triplet code.

6 / 20

Some gene mutations will have no effect at all on the polypeptide, why not?

The genetic code is universal

The genetic code is degenerate

DNA is double stranded

7 / 20

What type of mutation is this ? ACCTGG becomes ACCTTGG

Addition

Substitution

Deletion

8 / 20

How is variation introduced during prophase 1?

Independent Segregation

Crossing Over

Mutation

9 / 20

On this diagram, what does C represent?

Loci

Homologous Chromosomes

Centromeres

10 / 20

What word do we use to describe the pairs of chromosomes?

Homologous Chromosomes

Homozygous Chromosomes

Sister Chromatids

11 / 20

What type of bond forms between the amino acids?

Glycosidic

Phospho-diester

Peptide

12 / 20

What molecule does the tRNA carry?

A specific amino acid

A specific base

A specific fatty acid

13 / 20

Where does modification of pre-mRNA occur?

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Ribosome

14 / 20

Which bonds are broken by the enzyme used in transcription?

Phospho-diester bonds

Peptide bonds

Hydrogen bonds

15 / 20

Which enzyme is used in transcription?

RNA Polymerase

DNA Polymerase

Helicase

16 / 20

True or False : The sex chromosomes ( X and Y) are not an homologous pair?

TRUE

FALSE

17 / 20

What is the genome of a cell?

All the genes which code for a protein in cell.

All the genes which code for a protein or a functional RNA in a cell.

All the genetic material in exons, in a cell.

All the genetic information, both introns, exons and non-coding DNA in a cell.

18 / 20

Which of the following is not coded for by a gene?

Polysaccharide

Ribosomal RNA

tRNA

Polypeptide

19 / 20

Which type of DNA is not circular?

Mitochondrial

Plant Nuclear

Chloroplast

Bacterial

20 / 20

How would you describe the shape of prokaryotic chromosome, when compared to a eukaryotic chromosome?

Circular

Linear

Double Stranded

Double helix

Your score is

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