U3T3 – Fish, insect and Plant Gaseous Exchange

Fish, insect and Plant Gaseous Exchange

1 / 25

Why do some xerophytes have hairs over the stomatal pits?

To protect the delicate guard cells.

To prevent wind moving away air with a high water concentration, thus reducing the water concentration gradient.

To stop insects getting in and stealing the water.

2 / 25

Why do some xerophytes have their stomata in pits?

To reduce the water concentration gradient between air inside the stomata and outside, thus reducing water loss.

To collect water when it rains, or as dew in the morning.

To protect the delicate guard cells.

3 / 25

What is a xerophyte?

A plant that has roots exposed to the air.

A plant that grows in low light intensities.

A plant the grows in areas with low water availability.

4 / 25

Why do the guard cells become 'curved' when they swell up?

Because the water fills them up.

Because the cell wall next to the stoma is thicker.

Because the internal cytoskeleton bends.

5 / 25

How does water move into the guard cells?

Translocation

Transpiration

Osmosis

6 / 25

Which term describes that guard cells when the plant has plenty of water available?

Turgid

Flaccid

Plasmolysed

7 / 25

Why are there large gaps between the mesophyll cells ?

To increase surface area for gaseous exchange.

To maintain a concentration gradient for gaseous exchange.

To decrease surface area for gaseous exchange.

8 / 25

How is a concentration gradient maintained inside the leaf?

Photosynthesis using carbon dioxide and producing oxygen.

Aerobic respiration using oxygen and producing carbon dioxide.

Photosynthesis and respiration.

9 / 25

Which number represents a layer which is 2 or 3 times thicker in desert plants?

1

3

4

10 / 25

Which number represents cells that can control water loss?

7

8

9

11 / 25

Which number represents a stoma?

7

8

9

12 / 25

Which number represents the layer where gaseous exchange happens in plants?

3

4

8

13 / 25

What maintains the concentration gradients for gaseous exchange in the tracheoles?

Abdominal Pumping.

Respiration in the body tissues.

Abdominal pumping and respiration in the body tissues.

14 / 25

Oxygen diffuses out of the tracheoles directly into what?

Respiring body cells.

The insect's open circulatory system.

Air Sacs.

15 / 25

Which letter represents the part that can control water loss?

A

B

C

D

16 / 25

Which letter is the tracheae?

A

B

C

D

17 / 25

Which letter is the spiracles?

A

B

C

D

18 / 25

The diagram shows an insect respiratory system. Which letter represents the tracheoles?

A

B

C

D

19 / 25

Why does the blood flow in an opposite direction the the water?

So a steep concentration gradient is formed at the start.

So that a concentration gradient is maintained across the whole length of the lamella.

So that a steep concentration gradient is formed at the end.

20 / 25

The blood and water flow in opposite directions, what is this called?

Antagonistic System

Opposing System

Counter-current System

21 / 25

What is the function of the lamellae?

To maintain a concentration gradient over the whole filament.

To reduce the diffusion pathway.

To increase the surface area.

22 / 25

Using the diagram, which part is a lamella?

A

B

C

23 / 25

Using the diagram, which part is a gill filament?

A

B

C

24 / 25

Many species of fish have developed a technique to allow a constant flow of oxygenated water over the gills, even when stationary. This is called Buccal Pumping, how does it work?

The tongue lowers, increasing the volume in the mouth so water moves in. The mouth closes, the tongue then moves up, increasing the pressure and forcing the water out over the gill plates.

The tongue lowers, increasing the volume in the mouth so water moves in. The mouth closes, the fish then swallows the water.

The tongue moves down, increasing the volume in the mouth so water moves in through the opercula ( vents) , over the gill plates , and out through the mouth.

25 / 25

The Great White Shark and Black-tipped Reef Shark are two species which must keep swimming to stay alive. Why is this?

To be able to hunt for prey 24 hours a day.

To stop them sinking.

To maintain a flow of oxygenated water over their gills.

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