Chemistry Year 13 Random Retrieval

The reagent which converts ethanoic acid to ethanoyl chloride is:

Which of these amino acids are chiral?

(i) CH₃CHNH₂CO₂H

(ii) C₆H₅CH₂CHNH₂CO₂H

(iii) HOCH₂CHNH₂CO₂H

(iv) CH₂NH₂CO₂H

The nitrating agent for benzene is a mixture of concentrated sulfuric and nitric acids. This mixture produces:

The rate equation for the reaction of hydroxide ions with 2-bromo-2-methylpropane takes the form:

rate = k[C₄H₉Br].

This indicates that:

(i) the rate determining step involves hydroxide ions

(ii) doubling the concentration of the halogenoalkane doubles the rate of reaction

(iii) the reaction takes place in one step

(iv) the reaction takes place by the S_N1 mechanism (a 2 step mechanism)

Which of these compounds can exist in two enantiomeric forms?

(i) 2-methylbutan-1-ol,

(ii) 2-bromo-1-chlorobutane,

(iii) 2-chloropentane,

(iv) 1-chlorobutane

This is the ¹H NMR spectrum of:

An alloy of platinum with rhodium is the catalyst used:

(i) in catalytic converters to cut pollution from motor vehicles

(ii) in the synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen

(iii) in the oxidation of ammonia to NO_(g) during the manufacture of nitric acid

(iv) in the hydrogenation of vegetable oils.

Using oxidation numbers (states) work out the ratio of the species in the following half-equation.

I₂ + e^- => I^-

For this question, look at the resource, ‘A Selection of Standard Electrode Potentials’ (‘A Selection of Standard Electrode Potentials’can be found in TOOLS>Data Sheets)

Which chemical species is reduced most easily?

Consider the following 3 equilibria, all involving metallic copper or its ions:

Cu²⁺_(aq) + e^- <=> Cu⁺_(aq) E^ϴ/V = +0.15

Cu²⁺_(aq) + 2e^- <=> Cu_(s) E^ϴ/V = +0.34

Cu⁺_(aq) + e^- <=> Cu_(s) E^ϴ/V = +0.52

An aqueous solution of the colourless compound, CuCl_(s) was prepared and the solution was left to stand for a period in a sealed colourless glass bottle.

After the solution was left to stand, the contents of the bottle would have the following appearance: