M6S2 – Carboxylic Acids & Esters

The compound CH₃(CH₂)₄CH=CHCH₂CH=CH(CH₂)₆CO₂H is:

(i) a fatty acid

(ii) unsaturated

(iii) called octadec-9,12-dienoic acid

(iv) obtained by the hydrolysis of animal fats

During the synthesis of an ester from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol the extent of conversion of the carboxylic acid to its ester at equilibrium increases if:

(i) the alcohol is added in excess

(ii) concentrated sulfuric acid is added

(iii) the ester distills off from the reaction mixture as it forms

(iv) an acid catalyst is added

Which types of change are involved in this sequence of changes (but not necessarily in the order listed)?

CH₃CH₂CH₂OH -> CH₃CH₂CHO -> CH₃CH₂CO₂H -> CH₃CH₂CO₂CH₂CH₃

(i) hydrolysis

(ii) esterification

(iii) acid-base

(iv) oxidation

Which of the listed liquids reacts with sodium borohydride NaBH₄ in a nucleophilic addition reaction?

(i) CH₃CH₂OH

(ii)CH₃COCH₃

(iii)CH₃CO₂H

(iv)CH₃CHO

Ethyl ethanoate is heated under reflux with excess aqueous sodium hydroxide. The resulting solution is distilled. The distillate contains:

What are the products of the acid hydrolysis of methyl propanoate?

The reagent which converts ethanoic acid to ethanoyl chloride is:

Excess LiAlH₄ in dry ether (this reacts similarly to NaBH₄ but is more reactive), converts propanoic acid to:

The product of the reaction of ethanoic acid and ammonia at room temperature is:

How any moles of aqueous sodium hydroxide react with 2 mol of ethanedioic acid?